Huge Wild elephant asking food ! giant srilankan elephant came from jungle to ask foods 2019
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Huge Wild elephant asking food ! giant srilankan elephant came from jungle to ask foods from people
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The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is the largest of the four sub species of Asian elephants. Historical accounts show that an extensive wild population inhabited the island for many centuries and there is a well-established culture of domestication.
While this information source is considered the very best available, accurate data on wild elephant populations is difficult to obtain and scientifically verify. Sri Lankan elephant expert Jayantha Jayewardene reported in 2001 that the Sri Lankan Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWLC) estimated 4,000 wild elephants.
Wild Elephants in Sri Lanka
Wild Elephants in Sri LankaIt is reported that at the beginning of the 19th century there were 19,500 wild elephants in Sri Lanka 100 years later and indiscriminate capture, hunting for ‘pleasure’ and the destruction of elephants as agricultural pests have catastrophically reduced the figure to just 2,000.
There has also been a change in the distribution of elephant herds. Whereas previously healthy elephant populations existed across the island, today an increase in land utilised for agriculture has pushed the elephants into the drier regions in the south-west.
The highly competent Sri Lankan Department of Wildlife Conservation(DWLC) has an effective and well-developed elephant policy that estimates that the remaining forests and National Parks could have a carrying capacity of between 4,000-5,000 elephants. Despite this, the biggest issue affecting Sri Lanka’s wild elephants is human-elephant conflict.
Human-Elephant Conflict
Human-Elephant ConflictThe reduction and fragmentation of habitat has increasingly brought wild elephants in conflict with man. As food and water becomes scarce, the elephant population is forced to feed on cultivated land. The predation of the elephants has destroyed the livelihood of farmers and despite a general reverence for elephants in Sri lankan culture, they have become increasingly viewed as pests.
The DWLC claims that in the last decade at least 1,369 elephants have been killed as a result of crop raiding; a huge percentage of the current estimated population of just double that figure. The elephants are not the only ones to have suffered, in the same period 536 humans have reportedly lost their lives.
Conservation Measures
The DWLC has been very positive in trying to resolve the problems facing Sri Lankas elephants and is currently adopting the following conservation measures:
Elephant Deterrence – the use of noise, flashes and other shock tactics to deter elephants
Establishment of new National Parks and increasing the size of conservation areas.
Establishment of elephant corridors – to allow the safe passage of elephants from one area of habitat to another.
Habitat enrichment of elephant areas to enhance carry capacity
Translocation of elephants to less populated areas
Electrical Fencing – forming solid barriers between farmland and elephant habitat
Ex-situ conservation and breeding programme
Control poaching
Synergising elephant conservation with economic development.
Today domesticated elephants are engaged in the following types of work:
Logging – particularly in forested areas
Construction – Historically elephants have played a big role in the construction of ancient historical cities. Today elephants are still used to carry steel, sand and other building materials.
Tourism – elephants are used to give tourists rides although this use is far less developed than that in Thailand. The elephant orphanage at Pinnawela operated by the National Zoological
Summary
Elephant conservationSri Lanka plays host to a sizeable population of elephants whose importance is magnified by the fact that the native elephants comprise a wholly separate sub species. The Sri Lankan authorities recognise the cultural and natural significance of the elephant and are working assiduously to ensure the survival and health of both wild and domesticated elephants on the island.
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